India Expands Green Energy, Faces Transmission Constraints

India’s power sector has seen a swift shift toward low‑carbon generation, with renewable capacity expanding at a record pace. Over the past decade, the country has added more than 100 GW of solar and wind power, and the share of renewables in the electricity mix has risen from roughly 15 % to nearly 30 % of total generation. This rapid decarbonisation has helped reduce coal‑related emissions and improve air quality in major urban centres.

However, the benefits of the clean‑energy transition are being limited by persistent transmission bottlenecks. Aging grid infrastructure, insufficient inter‑regional links, and congestion at key substations have curtailed the ability to deliver renewable power from remote generation sites to load centres. As a result, a significant portion of newly installed renewable capacity remains underutilised, and grid operators face challenges in maintaining reliability and balancing supply and demand.

To sustain the momentum of decarbonisation, India must accelerate investment in grid upgrades, expand high‑capacity transmission corridors, and deploy advanced grid management technologies. Strengthening the transmission network will enable the country to fully harness its renewable potential and achieve its climate and energy goals.